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Since the publication of the Book of Mormon in 1830, both Latter-day Saint (LDS or Mormons) and non-Mormon archaeologists have studied its claims in reference to known archaeological evidence. Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and other denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement generally believe that the Book of Mormon describes ancient historical events in the Americas, but mainstream historians and archaeologists do not regard the Book of Mormon as a work of ancient American history. The Book of Mormon describes God's dealings with three heavily populated, literate, and advanced〔See for example discussing machinery, and discussing semi-literateness of the Nephites and that discusses the heavy population of the Lehite peoples. Similar references may be found about the Jaredites, for which the reader is referred to the Book of Ether〕 civilizations in the Americas over the course of several hundred years. The book primarily deals with the Nephites and the Lamanites, who it states existed in the Americas from about 600 BC to about AD 400. It also deals with the rise and fall of the Jaredite nation, which the Book of Mormon says came from the Old World shortly after the confounding of the languages at the Tower of Babel. Some Mormon archaeologists and researchers claim various archaeological findings such as place names, and ruins of the Inca, Maya, Olmec, and other ancient American and Old World civilizations as giving credence to the Book of Mormon record.〔; see (RLDS D&C 110:20 ), were advanced by RLDS members: ; ; , and 〕 Mainstream archaeologists disagree with these conclusions, arguing that the Book of Mormon mentions several animals, plants, and technologies that are not substantiated by the archaeological record between 3100 BC to 400 AD in America, including the ass,〔1 Ne. 18: 25, Ether 9: 18〕 cattle,〔1 Ne. 18: 25〕 horses, oxen, domesticated sheep, swine,〔Ether 9: 18〕 goats,〔Ether 9: 18, Enos 1: 21, 1 Ne. 18: 25〕 elephants,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=What is Mormonism? | Book of Mormon Origin | Theology )〕 wheat,〔Mosiah 9: 9〕 barley,〔Mosiah 9: 9, Mosiah 7: 22, Alma 11: 7, 15〕 silk,〔1 Nephi 14:7〕 steel,〔1 Nephi 4:9〕 swords,〔 scimitars, chariots〔Alma 18:9〕 and other elements. ==Archaeology research in pre-Columbian Americas and the Book of Mormon== A great deal of data have been accumulated over more than two hundred years of American archaeological research. While archaeology in the Americas is not as mature as Old World archaeology, substantial insights into pre-Columbian civilizations, technologies, movements, and history have been established. These include the Formative Mesoamerican civilizations such as the (Pre-Classic) Olmec, Maya, and Zapotec, which flourished during the approximate period the events related in the Book of Mormon are said to have occurred. Some contemporary LDS scholars suggest that the Jaredites may have been the Olmec, and that part of the Maya may have been the Nephites and Lamanites. 19th century archaeological finds (e.g. earth and timber fortifications and towns,〔See 〕 the use of a plaster-like cement,〔See mound builder homes of “clay-plastered poles”: Stuart, George E., Who Were the “Mound Builders”?, ''National Geographic'', Vol. 142, No. 6, December 1972, pg. 789〕 ancient roads,〔See ''Searching for the Great Hopewell Road'', based on the investigations of archaeologist Dr. Bradley Lepper, Ohio Historical Society, Pangea Production Ltd, 1998〕 metal points and implements,〔See Priest, Josiah, ''American Antiquities and Discoveries in the West'', pg. 179;〕 copper breastplates,〔See ''Mound Builders & Cliff Dwellers'', Lost Civilizations series, Dale M. Brown (editor), pg. 26〕 head-plates,〔Priest, Josiah, ''American Antiquities and Discoveries in the West'', 176; ''Mound Builders & Cliff Dwellers'', Lost Civilizations series, Dale M. Brown (editor), pg. 26〕 textiles,〔See Ritchie, William A. ''The Archaeology of New York State'', pp. 259, 261〕 pearls,〔See freshwater pearl necklaces, and pearls sewn on clothing: ''Mound Builders & Cliff Dwellers'', Lost Civilizations series, Dale M. Brown (editor), pg. 26〕 native North American inscriptions, North American elephant remains etc.) are not interpreted by mainstream academia as proving the historicity or divinity of the Book of Mormon. The Book of Mormon is viewed by many mainstream scholars as a work of fiction that parallels others within the 19th century “Mound-builder” genre that were pervasive at the time.〔, Garlinghouse, Thomas, “Revisiting the Mound Builder Controversy”, ''History Today'', Sept 2001, Vol. 51, Issue 9, starting pg. 38; Silverberg, Robert “and the mound-builders vanished from the earth”, ''American Heritage Magazine'', June 1969, Volume 20, Issue 4〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Archaeology and the Book of Mormon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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